Date: Tue, 17 Mar 2015 16:49:45 -0400 Subject: New board: ThinkPad T400 --- (limited to 'docs/install/t400_external.html') diff --git a/docs/install/t400_external.html b/docs/install/t400_external.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd0c3ca --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/install/t400_external.html @@ -0,0 +1,463 @@ + + + + + + + + + ThinkPad T400: flashing tutorial (BeagleBone Black) + + + + +

Flashing the T400 with a BeagleBone Black

Initial flashing instructions for T400.

+ This guide is for those who want libreboot on their ThinkPad T400 + while they still have the original Lenovo BIOS present. This guide + can also be followed (adapted) if you brick your T400, to know how + to recover. +

+ + +

Back to main index

+ +

A note about GPUs

+ +

+ This guide currently assumes that you have an Intel GPU (non-switchable). + Some T400 have switchable graphics (ATI), which means that you can choose between ATI or Intel + in the BIOS setup. When switching to Intel, is lenovobios not enabling ATI + (where ATI is disabled by default and the system uses the Intel chip), or are they + disabling it (where the system uses the ATI chip by default)? +

+ +

CPU paste required

+ +

+ See #paste. +

+ +

Flash chips

+ +

+ The T400 will use an 8MiB or 64Mb SOIC-16 chip (rare models + will use a 4MiB or 32Mb SOIC-8 chip). +

+ +

+ Back to top of page. +

+ +

MAC address

+ +

+ On the T400, the MAC address for the onboard + gigabit ethernet chipset is stored inside the flash chip, + along with other configuration data. +

+ Keep a note of the MAC address before disassembly; this is + very important, because you will need to insert this into + the libreboot ROM image before flashing it. + It will be written in one of these locations: +

+ +

+ + + +

+ +

Initial BBB configuration

+ +

+ Refer to bbb_setup.html for how to + configure the BBB for flashing. +

+ +

+ The following shows how to connect clip to the BBB (on the P9 header), for SOIC-16 (clip: Pomona 5252): +

+POMONA 5252 (correlate with the BBB guide)
+===  ethernet jack and VGA port ====
+ NC              -       - 21
+ 1               -       - 17
+ NC              -       - NC
+ NC              -       - NC
+ NC              -       - NC
+ NC              -       - NC
+ 18              -       - 3.3V PSU RED
+ 22              -       - NC - this is pin 1 on the flash chip
+===  SATA port ===
+This is how you will connect. Numbers refer to pin numbers on the BBB, on the plugs near the DC jack.

+
+

+ The following shows how to connect clip to the BBB (on the P9 header), for SOIC-8 (clip: Pomona 5250): +

+POMONA 5250 (correlate with the BBB guide)
+===  RAM slots ====
+ 18              -       - 1
+ 22              -       - NC
+ NC              -       - 21
+ 3.3V PSU RED    -       - 17 - this is pin 1 on the flash chip
+===  slot where the AC jack is connected ===

+TODO: ADD PHOTO
+

+ +

+ The procedure +

+ +

+ Remove all screws, placing them in the order that you removed them:
+ + +

+ Remove those three screws then remove the rear bezel:
+ + + + +

+ Remove the speakers:
+ + + + + +

+ Remove the wifi:
+ + +

+ Remove this cable:
+ + + + + +

+ Unroute those antenna wires:
+ + + + + +

+ Remove the LCD assembly:
+ + + + + + + + +

+ Disconnect the NVRAM battery:
+ +

+ Disconnect the fan:
+ +

+ Unscrew these:
+ + + + +

+ Unscrew the heatsink, then left it off:
+ + +

+ Disconnect the power jack:
+ + +

+ Loosen this:
+ +

+ Remove this:
+ + + + + +

+ Unscrew these:
+ + +

+ Remove this:
+ + +

+ Unscrew this:
+ +

+ Remove the motherboard (the cage is still attached) from + the right hand side, then lift it out:
+ + + +

+ Remove these screws, placing the screws in the same layout + and marking each screw hole (so that you know what ones + to put the screws back into later): + + + + + + +

+ Separate the motherboard:
+ + +

+ Connect your programmer, then connect GND and 3.3V
+ + + + + + +

+ A dedicated 3.3V PSU was used to create this guide, but + at ATX PSU is also fine:
+ +

+ +

+ Of course, make sure to turn on your PSU:
+ +

+ +

+ Now, you should be ready to install libreboot. +

+ +

+ Flashrom binaries for ARM (tested on a BBB) are distributed in libreboot_util. Alternatively, + libreboot also distributes flashrom source code which can be built. +

+ Log in as root on your BBB, using the instructions in bbb_setup.html#bbb_access. +

+ Test that flashrom works:
+ # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512
+ In this case, the output was: +

+flashrom v0.9.7-r1854 on Linux 3.8.13-bone47 (armv7l)
+flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org
+Calibrating delay loop... OK.
+Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405(D)" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi.
+Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6436E" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi.
+Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6445E/MX25L6473E" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi.
+Multiple flash chip definitions match the detected chip(s): "MX25L6405(D)", "MX25L6406E/MX25L6436E", "MX25L6445E/MX25L6473E"
+Please specify which chip definition to use with the -c <chipname> option.
+

+ How to backup factory.rom (change the -c option as neeed, for your flash chip):
+ # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r factory.rom
+ # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r factory1.rom
+ # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r factory2.rom
+ Note: the -c option is not required in libreboot's patched flashrom, because + the redundant flash chip definitions in flashchips.c have been removed.
+ Now compare the 3 images:
+ # sha512sum factory*.rom
+ If the hashes match, then just copy one of them (the factory.rom) to a safe place (on a drive connected to another machine, not + the BBB). This is useful for reverse engineering work, if there is a desirable behaviour in the original firmware + that could be replicated in coreboot and libreboot. +

+ Follow the instructions at ../hcl/gm45_remove_me.html#ich9gen + to change the MAC address inside the libreboot ROM image, before flashing it. + Although there is a default MAC address inside the ROM image, this is not what you want. Make sure + to always change the MAC address to one that is correct for your system. +

+ Now flash it:
+ # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -w path/to/libreboot/rom/image.rom -V +

+ +

+ You might see errors, but if it says Verifying flash... VERIFIED at the end, then it's flashed and should boot. + If you see errors, try again (and again, and again); the message Chip content is identical to the requested image + is also an indication of a successful installation. +

+ Example output from running the command (see above): +

+flashrom v0.9.7-r1854 on Linux 3.8.13-bone47 (armv7l)
+flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org
+Calibrating delay loop... OK.
+Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405(D)" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi.
+Reading old flash chip contents... done.
+Erasing and writing flash chip... FAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xd716
+ERASE FAILED!
+Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function.
+Erase/write done.
+Verifying flash... VERIFIED.
+

+ +

+ Back to top of page. +

+ +

Thermal paste (IMPORTANT)

+ +

+ Because part of this procedure involved removing the heatsink, you will need to apply new paste. + Arctic Silver 5 is ok. You will also need isopropyl alcohol and an anti-static cloth to clean with. +

+ +

+ When re-installing the heatsink, you must first clean off all old paste with the alcohol/cloth. + Then apply new paste. AS5 is also much better than the default paste used on these machines. +

+ +

Wifi

+ +

+ The T400 typically comes with an Intel wifi chipset, which does not + work without proprietary software. For a list of wifi chipsets that + work without proprietary software, see + ../hcl/index.html#recommended_wifi. +

+ +

+ Some T400 laptops might come with an Atheros chipset, but this is 802.11g only. +

+ +

+ It is recommended that you install a new wifi chipset. This can only + be done after installing libreboot, because the original firmware has + a whitelist of approved chips, and it will refuse to boot if you + use an 'unauthorized' wifi card. +

+ +

+ The following photos show an Atheros AR5B95 being installed, to + replace the Intel chip that this T400 came with:
+ + +

+ +

Memory

+ +

+ You need DDR3 SODIMM PC3-8500 RAM installed, in matching pairs + (speed/size). Non-matching pairs won't work. You can also install a + single module (meaning, one of the slots will be empty) in slot 0. +

+ +

+ The following photo shows 8GiB (2x4GiB) of RAM installed:
+ +

+ +

+ Boot it! +

+ You should see something like this: +

+ + +

+ +

+ Now install GNU/Linux. +

+ +

+ Copyright © 2015 Francis Rowe <info@gluglug.org.uk>
+ This document is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License and all future versions. + A copy of the license can be found at ../license.txt. +

+ +

+ This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See ../license.txt for more information. +

+ +

+ + + -- cgit v0.9.1