New upstream version 0.2.7upstream/0.2.7upstream/latest

1 files changed, 642 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gatt/gatt_linux.py b/gatt/gatt_linux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcf0b00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gatt/gatt_linux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,642 @@
+try:
+    import dbus
+    import dbus.mainloop.glib
+except ImportError:
+    import sys
+    print("Module 'dbus' not found")
+    print("Please run: sudo apt-get install python3-dbus")
+    print("See also: https://github.com/getsenic/gatt-python#installing-gatt-sdk-for-python")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+import re
+
+from gi.repository import GObject
+
+from . import errors
+
+
+dbus.mainloop.glib.DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True)
+dbus.mainloop.glib.threads_init()
+
+
+class DeviceManager:
+    """
+    Entry point for managing BLE GATT devices.
+
+    This class is intended to be subclassed to manage a specific set of GATT devices.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, adapter_name):
+        self.listener = None
+        self.adapter_name = adapter_name
+
+        self._bus = dbus.SystemBus()
+        try:
+            adapter_object = self._bus.get_object('org.bluez', '/org/bluez/' + adapter_name)
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            raise _error_from_dbus_error(e)
+        object_manager_object = self._bus.get_object("org.bluez", "/")
+        self._adapter = dbus.Interface(adapter_object, 'org.bluez.Adapter1')
+        self._adapter_properties = dbus.Interface(self._adapter, 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties')
+        self._object_manager = dbus.Interface(object_manager_object, "org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager")
+        self._device_path_regex = re.compile('^/org/bluez/' + adapter_name + '/dev((_[A-Z0-9]{2}){6})$')
+        self._devices = {}
+        self._discovered_devices = {}
+        self._interface_added_signal = None
+        self._properties_changed_signal = None
+        self._main_loop = None
+
+        self.update_devices()
+
+    @property
+    def is_adapter_powered(self):
+        return self._adapter_properties.Get('org.bluez.Adapter1', 'Powered') == 1
+
+    @is_adapter_powered.setter
+    def is_adapter_powered(self, powered):
+        return self._adapter_properties.Set('org.bluez.Adapter1', 'Powered', dbus.Boolean(powered))
+
+    def run(self):
+        """
+        Starts the main loop that is necessary to receive Bluetooth events from the Bluetooth adapter.
+
+        This call blocks until you call `stop()` to stop the main loop.
+        """
+
+        if self._main_loop:
+            return
+
+        self._interface_added_signal = self._bus.add_signal_receiver(
+            self._interfaces_added,
+            dbus_interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager',
+            signal_name='InterfacesAdded')
+
+        # TODO: Also listen to 'interfaces removed' events?
+
+        self._properties_changed_signal = self._bus.add_signal_receiver(
+            self._properties_changed,
+            dbus_interface=dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE,
+            signal_name='PropertiesChanged',
+            arg0='org.bluez.Device1',
+            path_keyword='path')
+
+        def disconnect_signals():
+            for device in self._devices.values():
+                device.invalidate()
+            self._properties_changed_signal.remove()
+            self._interface_added_signal.remove()
+
+        self._main_loop = GObject.MainLoop()
+        try:
+            self._main_loop.run()
+            disconnect_signals()
+        except Exception:
+            disconnect_signals()
+            raise
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """
+        Stops the main loop started with `start()`
+        """
+        if self._main_loop:
+            self._main_loop.quit()
+            self._main_loop = None
+
+    def _manage_device(self, device):
+        existing_device = self._devices.get(device.mac_address)
+        if existing_device is not None:
+            existing_device.invalidate()
+        self._devices[device.mac_address] = device
+
+    def update_devices(self):
+        managed_objects = self._object_manager.GetManagedObjects().items()
+        possible_mac_addresses = [self._mac_address(path) for path, _ in managed_objects]
+        mac_addresses = [m for m in possible_mac_addresses if m is not None]
+        new_mac_addresses = [m for m in mac_addresses if m not in self._devices]
+        for mac_address in new_mac_addresses:
+            self.make_device(mac_address)
+        # TODO: Remove devices from `_devices` that are no longer managed, i.e. deleted
+
+    def devices(self):
+        """
+        Returns all known Bluetooth devices.
+        """
+        self.update_devices()
+        return self._devices.values()
+
+    def start_discovery(self, service_uuids=[]):
+        """Starts a discovery for BLE devices with given service UUIDs.
+
+        :param service_uuids: Filters the search to only return devices with given UUIDs.
+        """
+
+        discovery_filter = {'Transport': 'le'}
+        if service_uuids:  # D-Bus doesn't like empty lists, it needs to guess the type
+            discovery_filter['UUIDs'] = service_uuids
+
+        try:
+            self._adapter.SetDiscoveryFilter(discovery_filter)
+            self._adapter.StartDiscovery()
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            if e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.bluez.Error.NotReady':
+                raise errors.NotReady(
+                    "Bluetooth adapter not ready. "
+                    "Set `is_adapter_powered` to `True` or run 'echo \"power on\" | sudo bluetoothctl'.")
+            if e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.bluez.Error.InProgress':
+                # Discovery was already started - ignore exception
+                pass
+            else:
+                raise _error_from_dbus_error(e)
+
+    def stop_discovery(self):
+        """
+        Stops the discovery started with `start_discovery`
+        """
+        try:
+            self._adapter.StopDiscovery()
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            if (e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.bluez.Error.Failed') and (e.get_dbus_message() == 'No discovery started'):
+                pass
+            else:
+                raise _error_from_dbus_error(e)
+
+    def _interfaces_added(self, path, interfaces):
+        self._device_discovered(path, interfaces)
+
+    def _properties_changed(self, interface, changed, invalidated, path):
+        # TODO: Handle `changed` and `invalidated` properties and update device
+        self._device_discovered(path, [interface])
+
+    def _device_discovered(self, path, interfaces):
+        if 'org.bluez.Device1' not in interfaces:
+            return
+        mac_address = self._mac_address(path)
+        if not mac_address:
+            return
+        device = self._devices.get(mac_address) or self.make_device(mac_address)
+        if device is not None:
+            self.device_discovered(device)
+
+    def device_discovered(self, device):
+        device.advertised()
+
+    def _mac_address(self, device_path):
+        match = self._device_path_regex.match(device_path)
+        if not match:
+            return None
+        return match.group(1)[1:].replace('_', ':').lower()
+
+    def make_device(self, mac_address):
+        """
+        Makes and returns a `Device` instance with specified MAC address.
+
+        Override this method to return a specific subclass instance of `Device`.
+        Return `None` if the specified device shall not be supported by this class.
+        """
+        return Device(mac_address=mac_address, manager=self)
+
+    def add_device(self, mac_address):
+        """
+        Adds a device with given MAC address without discovery.
+        """
+        # TODO: Implement
+        pass
+
+    def remove_device(self, mac_address):
+        """
+        Removes a device with the given MAC address
+        """
+        # TODO: Implement
+        pass
+
+    def remove_all_devices(self, skip_alias=None):
+        self.update_devices()
+
+        keys_to_be_deleted = []
+        for key, device in self._devices.items():
+            if skip_alias and device.alias() == skip_alias:
+                continue
+            mac_address = device.mac_address.replace(':', '_').upper()
+            path = '/org/bluez/%s/dev_%s' % (self.adapter_name, mac_address)
+            self._adapter.RemoveDevice(path)
+            keys_to_be_deleted.append(key)
+
+        for key in keys_to_be_deleted:
+            del self._devices[key]
+
+        self.update_devices()
+
+
+
+class Device:
+    def __init__(self, mac_address, manager, managed=True):
+        """
+        Represents a BLE GATT device.
+
+        This class is intended to be sublcassed with a device-specific implementations
+        that reflect the device's GATT profile.
+
+        :param mac_address: MAC address of this device
+        :manager: `DeviceManager` that shall manage this device
+        :managed: If False, the created device will not be managed by the device manager
+                  Particularly of interest for sub classes of `DeviceManager` who want
+                  to decide on certain device properties if they then create a subclass
+                  instance of that `Device` or not.
+        """
+
+        self.mac_address = mac_address
+        self.manager = manager
+        self.services = []
+
+        self._bus = manager._bus
+        self._object_manager = manager._object_manager
+
+        # TODO: Device needs to be created if it's not yet known to bluetoothd, see "test-device" in bluez-5.43/test/
+        self._device_path = '/org/bluez/%s/dev_%s' % (manager.adapter_name, mac_address.replace(':', '_').upper())
+        device_object = self._bus.get_object('org.bluez', self._device_path)
+        self._object = dbus.Interface(device_object, 'org.bluez.Device1')
+        self._properties = dbus.Interface(self._object, 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties')
+        self._properties_signal = None
+        self._connect_retry_attempt = None
+
+        if managed:
+            manager._manage_device(self)
+
+    def advertised(self):
+        """
+        Called when an advertisement package has been received from the device. Requires device discovery to run.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def is_registered(self):
+        # TODO: Implement, see __init__
+        return False
+
+    def register(self):
+        # TODO: Implement, see __init__
+        return
+
+    def invalidate(self):
+        self._disconnect_signals()
+
+    def connect(self):
+        """
+        Connects to the device. Blocks until the connection was successful.
+        """
+        self._connect_retry_attempt = 0
+        self._connect_signals()
+        self._connect()
+
+    def _connect(self):
+        self._connect_retry_attempt += 1
+        try:
+            self._object.Connect()
+            if not self.services and self.is_services_resolved():
+                self.services_resolved()
+
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            if (e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownObject'):
+                self.connect_failed(errors.Failed("Device does not exist, check adapter name and MAC address."))
+            elif ((e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.bluez.Error.Failed') and
+                  (e.get_dbus_message() == "Operation already in progress")):
+                pass
+            elif ((self._connect_retry_attempt < 5) and
+                  (e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.bluez.Error.Failed') and
+                  (e.get_dbus_message() == "Software caused connection abort")):
+                self._connect()
+            elif (e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NoReply'):
+                # TODO: How to handle properly?
+                # Reproducable when we repeatedly shut off Nuimo immediately after its flashing Bluetooth icon appears
+                self.connect_failed(_error_from_dbus_error(e))
+            else:
+                self.connect_failed(_error_from_dbus_error(e))
+
+    def _connect_signals(self):
+        if self._properties_signal is None:
+            self._properties_signal = self._properties.connect_to_signal('PropertiesChanged', self.properties_changed)
+        self._connect_service_signals()
+
+    def _connect_service_signals(self):
+        for service in self.services:
+            service._connect_signals()
+
+    def connect_succeeded(self):
+        """
+        Will be called when `connect()` has finished connecting to the device.
+        Will not be called if the device was already connected.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def connect_failed(self, error):
+        """
+        Called when the connection could not be established.
+        """
+        self._disconnect_signals()
+
+    def disconnect(self):
+        """
+        Disconnects from the device, if connected.
+        """
+        self._object.Disconnect()
+
+    def disconnect_succeeded(self):
+        """
+        Will be called when the device has disconnected.
+        """
+        self._disconnect_signals()
+        self.services = []
+
+    def _disconnect_signals(self):
+        if self._properties_signal is not None:
+            self._properties_signal.remove()
+            self._properties_signal = None
+        self._disconnect_service_signals()
+
+    def _disconnect_service_signals(self):
+        for service in self.services:
+            service._disconnect_signals()
+
+    def is_connected(self):
+        """
+        Returns `True` if the device is connected, otherwise `False`.
+        """
+        return self._properties.Get('org.bluez.Device1', 'Connected') == 1
+
+    def is_services_resolved(self):
+        """
+        Returns `True` is services are discovered, otherwise `False`.
+        """
+        return self._properties.Get('org.bluez.Device1', 'ServicesResolved') == 1
+
+    def alias(self):
+        """
+        Returns the device's alias (name).
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._properties.Get('org.bluez.Device1', 'Alias')
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            if e.get_dbus_name() == 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownObject':
+                # BlueZ sometimes doesn't provide an alias, we then simply return `None`.
+                # Might occur when device was deleted as the following issue points out:
+                # https://github.com/blueman-project/blueman/issues/460
+                return None
+            else:
+                raise _error_from_dbus_error(e)
+
+    def properties_changed(self, sender, changed_properties, invalidated_properties):
+        """
+        Called when a device property has changed or got invalidated.
+        """
+        if 'Connected' in changed_properties:
+            if changed_properties['Connected']:
+                self.connect_succeeded()
+            else:
+                self.disconnect_succeeded()
+
+        if ('ServicesResolved' in changed_properties and changed_properties['ServicesResolved'] == 1 and
+                not self.services):
+            self.services_resolved()
+
+    def services_resolved(self):
+        """
+        Called when all device's services and characteristics got resolved.
+        """
+        self._disconnect_service_signals()
+
+        services_regex = re.compile(self._device_path + '/service[0-9abcdef]{4}$')
+        managed_services = [
+            service for service in self._object_manager.GetManagedObjects().items()
+            if services_regex.match(service[0])]
+        self.services = [Service(
+            device=self,
+            path=service[0],
+            uuid=service[1]['org.bluez.GattService1']['UUID']) for service in managed_services]
+
+        self._connect_service_signals()
+
+    def characteristic_value_updated(self, characteristic, value):
+        """
+        Called when a characteristic value has changed.
+        """
+        # To be implemented by subclass
+        pass
+
+    def characteristic_read_value_failed(self, characteristic, error):
+        """
+        Called when a characteristic value read command failed.
+        """
+        # To be implemented by subclass
+        pass
+
+    def characteristic_write_value_succeeded(self, characteristic):
+        """
+        Called when a characteristic value write command succeeded.
+        """
+        # To be implemented by subclass
+        pass
+
+    def characteristic_write_value_failed(self, characteristic, error):
+        """
+        Called when a characteristic value write command failed.
+        """
+        # To be implemented by subclass
+        pass
+
+    def characteristic_enable_notifications_succeeded(self, characteristic):
+        """
+        Called when a characteristic notifications enable command succeeded.
+        """
+        # To be implemented by subclass
+        pass
+
+    def characteristic_enable_notifications_failed(self, characteristic, error):
+        """
+        Called when a characteristic notifications enable command failed.
+        """
+        # To be implemented by subclass
+        pass
+
+
+class Service:
+    """
+    Represents a GATT service.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, device, path, uuid):
+        # TODO: Don'T requore `path` argument, it can be calculated from device's path and uuid
+        self.device = device
+        self.uuid = uuid
+        self._path = path
+        self._bus = device._bus
+        self._object_manager = device._object_manager
+        self._object = self._bus.get_object('org.bluez', self._path)
+        self.characteristics = []
+        self.characteristics_resolved()
+
+    def _connect_signals(self):
+        self._connect_characteristic_signals()
+
+    def _connect_characteristic_signals(self):
+        for characteristic in self.characteristics:
+            characteristic._connect_signals()
+
+    def _disconnect_signals(self):
+        self._disconnect_characteristic_signals()
+
+    def _disconnect_characteristic_signals(self):
+        for characteristic in self.characteristics:
+            characteristic._disconnect_signals()
+
+    def characteristics_resolved(self):
+        """
+        Called when all service's characteristics got resolved.
+        """
+        self._disconnect_characteristic_signals()
+
+        characteristics_regex = re.compile(self._path + '/char[0-9abcdef]{4}$')
+        managed_characteristics = [
+            char for char in self._object_manager.GetManagedObjects().items()
+            if characteristics_regex.match(char[0])]
+        self.characteristics = [Characteristic(
+            service=self,
+            path=c[0],
+            uuid=c[1]['org.bluez.GattCharacteristic1']['UUID']) for c in managed_characteristics]
+
+        self._connect_characteristic_signals()
+
+
+class Characteristic:
+    """
+    Represents a GATT characteristic.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, service, path, uuid):
+        # TODO: Don't require `path` parameter, it can be calculated from service's path and uuid
+        self.service = service
+        self.uuid = uuid
+        self._path = path
+        self._bus = service._bus
+        self._object_manager = service._object_manager
+        self._object = self._bus.get_object('org.bluez', self._path)
+        self._properties = dbus.Interface(self._object, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties")
+        self._properties_signal = None
+
+    def _connect_signals(self):
+        if self._properties_signal is None:
+            self._properties_signal = self._properties.connect_to_signal('PropertiesChanged', self.properties_changed)
+
+    def _disconnect_signals(self):
+        if self._properties_signal is not None:
+            self._properties_signal.remove()
+            self._properties_signal = None
+
+    def properties_changed(self, properties, changed_properties, invalidated_properties):
+        value = changed_properties.get('Value')
+        """
+        Called when a Characteristic property has changed.
+        """
+        if value is not None:
+            self.service.device.characteristic_value_updated(characteristic=self, value=bytes(value))
+
+    def read_value(self, offset=0):
+        """
+        Reads the value of this characteristic.
+
+        When successful, `characteristic_value_updated()` of the related device will be called,
+        otherwise `characteristic_read_value_failed()` is invoked.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._object.ReadValue(
+                {'offset': dbus.UInt16(offset, variant_level=1)},
+                dbus_interface='org.bluez.GattCharacteristic1')
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            error = _error_from_dbus_error(e)
+            self.service.device.characteristic_read_value_failed(self, error=error)
+
+    def write_value(self, value, offset=0):
+        """
+        Attempts to write a value to the characteristic.
+
+        Success or failure will be notified by calls to `write_value_succeeded` or `write_value_failed` respectively.
+
+        :param value: array of bytes to be written
+        :param offset: offset from where to start writing the bytes (defaults to 0)
+        """
+        bytes = [dbus.Byte(b) for b in value]
+
+        try:
+            self._object.WriteValue(
+                bytes,
+                {'offset': dbus.UInt16(offset, variant_level=1)},
+                reply_handler=self._write_value_succeeded,
+                error_handler=self._write_value_failed,
+                dbus_interface='org.bluez.GattCharacteristic1')
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            self._write_value_failed(self, error=e)
+
+    def _write_value_succeeded(self):
+        """
+        Called when the write request has succeeded.
+        """
+        self.service.device.characteristic_write_value_succeeded(characteristic=self)
+
+    def _write_value_failed(self, dbus_error):
+        """
+        Called when the write request has failed.
+        """
+        error = _error_from_dbus_error(dbus_error)
+        self.service.device.characteristic_write_value_failed(characteristic=self, error=error)
+
+    def enable_notifications(self, enabled=True):
+        """
+        Enables or disables value change notifications.
+
+        Success or failure will be notified by calls to `characteristic_enable_notifications_succeeded`
+        or `enable_notifications_failed` respectively.
+
+        Each time when the device notifies a new value, `characteristic_value_updated()` of the related
+        device will be called.
+        """
+        try:
+            if enabled:
+                self._object.StartNotify(
+                    reply_handler=self._enable_notifications_succeeded,
+                    error_handler=self._enable_notifications_failed,
+                    dbus_interface='org.bluez.GattCharacteristic1')
+            else:
+                self._object.StopNotify(
+                    reply_handler=self._enable_notifications_succeeded,
+                    error_handler=self._enable_notifications_failed,
+                    dbus_interface='org.bluez.GattCharacteristic1')
+        except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as e:
+            self._enable_notifications_failed(error=e)
+
+    def _enable_notifications_succeeded(self):
+        """
+        Called when notification enabling has succeeded.
+        """
+        self.service.device.characteristic_enable_notifications_succeeded(characteristic=self)
+
+    def _enable_notifications_failed(self, dbus_error):
+        """
+        Called when notification enabling has failed.
+        """
+        if ((dbus_error.get_dbus_name() == 'org.bluez.Error.Failed') and
+            ((dbus_error.get_dbus_message() == "Already notifying") or
+             (dbus_error.get_dbus_message() == "No notify session started"))):
+            # Ignore cases where notifications where already enabled or already disabled
+            return
+        error = _error_from_dbus_error(dbus_error)
+        self.service.device.characteristic_enable_notifications_failed(characteristic=self, error=error)
+
+
+def _error_from_dbus_error(e):
+    return {
+        'org.bluez.Error.Failed': errors.Failed(e.get_dbus_message()),
+        'org.bluez.Error.InProgress': errors.InProgress(e.get_dbus_message()),
+        'org.bluez.Error.InvalidValueLength': errors.InvalidValueLength(e.get_dbus_message()),
+        'org.bluez.Error.NotAuthorized': errors.NotAuthorized(e.get_dbus_message()),
+        'org.bluez.Error.NotPermitted': errors.NotPermitted(e.get_dbus_message()),
+        'org.bluez.Error.NotSupported': errors.NotSupported(e.get_dbus_message()),
+        'org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied': errors.AccessDenied("Root permissions required")
+    }.get(e.get_dbus_name(), errors.Failed(e.get_dbus_message()))